Электронный справочник:
Бинарные азеотропные смеси органических соединений и воды
| Вещество |
Т. кип. азеотропа, °C |
Состав, масс. % |
| Вода |
Другой компонент |
| Inorganic acids |
| Hydrogen bromide |
126 |
52.5 |
47.5 |
| Hydrogen chloride |
108.58 |
79.78 |
20.22 |
| Hydrogen fluoride |
111.35 |
64.4 |
35.6 |
| Hydrogen iodide |
127 |
43 |
57 |
| Hydrogen peroxide |
zeotrope |
|
|
| Nitric acid |
120.7 |
32.6 |
67.4 |
| Perchloric acid |
203 |
28.4 |
71.6 |
| Organic acids |
| Formic acid |
107.2 |
22.6 |
77.4 |
| Acetic acid |
zeotrope |
|
|
| Propionic acid |
99.9 |
82.3 |
17.7 |
| Isobutyric acid |
99.3 |
79 |
21 |
| Butyric acid |
99.4 |
81.6 |
18.4 |
| Pentanoic acid |
99.8 |
89 |
11 |
| Isopentanoic acid |
99.5 |
81.6 |
18.4 |
| Perfluorobutyric acid |
97 |
71 |
29 |
| Crotonic acid |
99.9 |
97.8 |
2.2 |
| Alcohols |
| Ethanol |
78.17 |
4 |
96 |
| Allyl alcohol |
88.9 |
27.7 |
72.3 |
| 1-Propanol |
71.7 |
71.7 |
28.3 |
| 2-Propanol |
80.3 |
12.6 |
87.4 |
| 1-Butanol |
92.7 |
42.5 |
57.5 |
| 2-Butanol |
87.0 |
26.8 |
73.2 |
| 2-Methyl-2-propanol |
79.9 |
11.7 |
88.3 |
| 1-Pentanol |
95.8 |
54.4 |
45.6 |
| 2-Pentanol |
91.7 |
36.5 |
63.5 |
| 3-Pentanol |
91.7 |
36.0 |
64.0 |
| 2,2-Dimethyl-2-propanol |
87.35 |
27.5 |
72.5 |
| 1-Hexanol |
97.8 |
67.2 |
32.8 |
| 1-Octanol |
99.4 |
90 |
10 |
| Cyclopentanol |
96.25 |
58 |
42 |
| 1-Heptanol |
98.7 |
83 |
17 |
| Phenol |
99.52 |
90.8 |
9.2 |
| 2-Methoxyphenol |
99.5 |
87.5 |
12.5 |
| 1-Phenylphenol |
99.95 |
98.75 |
1.25 |
| Benzyl alcohol |
99.9 |
91 |
9 |
| 2,3-Dimethyl-2,3-butanediol |
zeotrope |
|
|
| Furfuryl alcohol |
98.5 |
80 |
20 |
| Aldehydes |
| Propionaldehyde |
47.5 |
2 |
98 |
| Butyraldehyde |
68 |
6 |
94 |
| Pentanal |
83 |
19 |
81 |
| Paraldehyde |
90 |
28.5 |
71.5 |
| Furaldehyde |
97.5 |
65 |
35 |
| Amines |
| N-Methylbutylamine |
82.7 |
15 |
85 |
| Furfurylamine |
99 |
74 |
26 |
| Piperidine |
92.8 |
35 |
65 |
| Pyridine |
93.6 |
41.3 |
58.7 |
| 2-Methylpyridine |
93.5 |
48 |
52 |
| 3-Methylpyridine |
97 |
60 |
40 |
| 4-Methylpyridine |
97.35 |
62.8 |
37.2 |
| 2,6-Dimethylpyridine |
96.02 |
51.8 |
48.2 |
| Dibutylamine |
97 |
50.5 |
49.5 |
| Dihexylamine |
99.8 |
92.8 |
7.2 |
| Triallylamine |
95 |
38 |
62 |
| Tributylamine |
99.65 |
79.7 |
20.3 |
| Aniline |
98.6 |
80.8 |
19.2 |
| N-Ethylaniline |
99.2 |
83.9 |
16.1 |
| 1-Methyl-2-(2-pyridyl)pyrrolidine |
99.85 |
97.5 |
2.5 |
| Halogenated hydrocarbons |
| Chloroform |
56.1 |
2.8 |
97.2 |
| Carbon tetrachloride |
42.6 |
2.8 |
97.2 |
| Trichloroethylene |
73.4 |
17 |
83 |
| Tetrachloroethylene |
88.5 |
17.2 |
82.8 |
| 1,2-Dichloroethane |
72 |
8.3 |
91.7 |
| 1-Chloropropane |
44 |
2.2 |
97.8 |
| 1,2-Dichloropropane |
78 |
12 |
88 |
| Chlorobenzene |
90.2 |
28.4 |
71.6 |
| Esters |
| Ethyl formate |
52.6 |
5 |
95 |
| Isopropyl formate |
65.0 |
3 |
97 |
| Propyl formate |
71.6 |
2.3 |
97.7 |
| Isobutyl formate |
80.4 |
7.8 |
92.2 |
| Butyl formate |
83.8 |
14.5 |
85.5 |
| Isopentyl formate |
90.2 |
21 |
79 |
| Pentyl formate |
91.6 |
28.4 |
71.6 |
| Benzyl formate |
99.2 |
80 |
20 |
| Ethyl acetate |
70.38 |
8.47 |
91.53 |
| Allyl acetate |
83 |
14.7 |
85.3 |
| Isopropyl acetate |
76.6 |
10.6 |
89.4 |
| Propyl acetate |
82.4 |
14 |
86 |
| Isobutyl acetate |
87.4 |
16.5 |
83.5 |
| Butyl acetate |
90.2 |
28.7 |
71.3 |
| Isopentyl acetate |
93.8 |
36.3 |
63.7 |
| Pentyl acetate |
95.2 |
41 |
59 |
| Hexyl acetate |
97.4 |
61 |
39 |
| Phenyl acetate |
98.9 |
75.1 |
24.9 |
| Benzyl acetate |
99.6 |
87.5 |
12.5 |
| Methyl propionate |
71.4 |
3.9 |
96.1 |
| Ethyl propionate |
81.2 |
10 |
90 |
| Isopropyl propionate |
85.2 |
19.9 |
80.1 |
| Propyl propionate |
88.9 |
23 |
77 |
| Isobutyl propionate |
92.75 |
52.2 |
47.8 |
| Isopentyl propionate |
96.55 |
48.5 |
51.5 |
| Methyl butyrate |
82.7 |
11.5 |
88.5 |
| Ethyl butyrate |
87.9 |
21.5 |
78.5 |
| Propyl butyrate |
94.1 |
36.4 |
63.6 |
| Isobutyl butyrate |
96.3 |
46 |
54 |
| Butyl butyrate |
97.2 |
53 |
47 |
| Isopentyl butyrate |
98.05 |
63.5 |
36.5 |
| Methyl isobutyrate |
77.7 |
6.8 |
93.2 |
| Ethyl isobutyrate |
85.2 |
15.2 |
84.8 |
| Propyl isobutyrate |
92.2 |
30.8 |
69.2 |
| Isobutyl isobutyrate |
95.5 |
39.4 |
60.6 |
| Isopentyl isobutyrate |
97.4 |
56.0 |
44.0 |
| Methyl isopentanoate |
87.2 |
19.2 |
80.8 |
| Ethyl isopentanoate |
92.2 |
30.2 |
69.8 |
| Propyl isopentanoate |
96.2 |
45.2 |
54.8 |
| Isobutyl isopentanoate |
97.4 |
55.8 |
44.2 |
| Isopentyl isopentanoate |
98.8 |
74.1 |
25.9 |
| Ethyl pentanoate |
94.5 |
40 |
60 |
| Ethyl hexanoate |
97.2 |
54 |
46 |
| Methyl benzoate |
99.08 |
79.2 |
20.8 |
| Ethyl benzoate |
99.4 |
84.0 |
16.0 |
| Propyl benzoate |
99.7 |
90.9 |
9.1 |
| Butyl benzoate |
99.9 |
94 |
6 |
| Isopentyl benzoate |
99.9 |
95.6 |
4.4 |
| Ethyl phenylacetate |
99.7 |
91.3 |
8.7 |
| Methyl cinnamate |
99.9 |
95.5 |
4.5 |
| Methyl phthalate |
99.95 |
97.5 |
2.5 |
| Diethyl o-phthalate |
99.98 |
98.0 |
2.0 |
| Ethyl chloroacetate |
95.2 |
45.1 |
54.9 |
| Butyl chloroacetate |
98.12 |
75.5 |
24.5 |
| Methyl acrylate |
71 |
7.2 |
92.8 |
| Isobutyl carbonate |
98.6 |
74 |
26 |
| Ethyl crotonate |
93.5 |
38 |
62 |
| Methyl lactate |
99 |
80 |
20 |
| 1,2-Ethanediol diacetate |
99.7 |
84.6 |
15.4 |
| Ethyl nitrate |
74.35 |
22 |
78 |
| Propyl nitrate |
84.8 |
20 |
80 |
| Isobutyl nitrate |
89.0 |
25 |
75 |
| Methyl sulfate |
98.6 |
73 |
27 |
| Ethers |
| Ethyl vinyl ether |
34.6 |
1.5 |
98.5 |
| Diethyl ether |
34.2 |
1.3 |
98.7 |
| Ethyl propyl ether |
59.5 |
4 |
96 |
| Diisopropyl ether |
62.2 |
4.5 |
95.5 |
| Butyl ethyl ether |
76.6 |
11.9 |
88.1 |
| Diisobutyl ether |
88.6 |
23 |
77 |
| Dibutyl ether |
92.9 |
33 |
67 |
| Diisopentyl ether |
97.4 |
54 |
46 |
| 1,1 -Diethoxy ethane |
82.6 |
14.5 |
85.5 |
| Diphenyl ether |
99.33 |
96.75 |
3.25 |
| Methoxybenzene |
95.5 |
40.5 |
59.5 |
| Hydrocarbons |
| Pentane |
34.6 |
1.4 |
98.6 |
| Hexane |
61.6 |
5.6 |
94.4 |
| Heptane |
79.2 |
12.9 |
87.1 |
| 2,2,4-Trimethylpentane |
78.8 |
11.1 |
88.9 |
| Nonane |
94.8 |
82 |
18 |
| Undecane |
98.85 |
96.0 |
4.0 |
| Dodecane |
99.45 |
98 |
2 |
| Acrolein |
52.4 |
2.6 |
97.4 |
| Cyclohexene |
70.8 |
8.93 |
91.07 |
| Cyclohexane |
69.5 |
8.4 |
91.6 |
| 1-Octene |
88.0 |
28.7 |
71.3 |
| Benzene |
69.25 |
8.83 |
91.17 |
| Toluene |
84.1 |
13.5 |
86.5 |
| Ethylbenzene |
92.0 |
33.0 |
67.0 |
| m-Xylene |
92 |
35.8 |
64.2 |
| Isopropylbenzene |
95 |
43.8 |
56.2 |
| Naphthalene |
98.8 |
84 |
16 |
| Ketones |
| Acetone |
zeotrope |
|
|
| 2-Butanone |
73.5 |
11 |
89 |
| 2-Pentanone |
83.3 |
19.5 |
80.5 |
| Cyclopentanone |
94.6 |
42.4 |
57.6 |
| 4-Methyl-2-pentanone |
87.9 |
24.3 |
75.7 |
| 2-Heptanone |
95 |
48 |
52 |
| 3-Heptanone |
94.6 |
42.2 |
57.8 |
| 4-Heptanone |
94.3 |
40.5 |
59.5 |
| 4-Hydroxy-4-methyl-2-pentanone |
98.8 |
87.3 |
12.7 |
| 4-Methyl-3-penten-2-one |
91.8 |
34.8 |
65.2 |
| Nitriles |
| Acetonitrile |
76.5 |
16.3 |
83.7 |
| Isobutyronitrile |
82.5 |
23 |
177 |
| Butyronitrile |
88.7 |
32.5 |
67.5 |
| Acrylonitrile |
70.6 |
14.3 |
85.7 |
| Miscellaneous |
| Hydrazine |
120 |
32.3 |
67.7 |
| Acetamide |
zeotrope |
|
|
| Nitromethane |
83.59 |
23.6 |
76.4 |
| Nitroethane |
87.22 |
28.5 |
71.5 |
| 2,5-Dimethylfuran |
77.0 |
11.7 |
88.3 |
| Trioxane |
91.4 |
30 |
70 |
| Carbon disulfide |
42.6 |
2.8 |
97.2 |
× Источник: J.A.Dean. Lange's handbook of chemistry. 15th ed. New-York: McGraw-Hill, 1999. P. 430-431
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